📢 KVS & NVS Recruitment 2025: Complete Guide to Teaching & Non-Teaching Vacancies

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The Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (KVS) and Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (NVS) have announced their Recruitment Notification 01/2025 for a wide range of teaching and non-teaching posts. This is one of the biggest opportunities for educators and administrators across India to join two of the country’s most respected school systems.

🏫 About KVS & NVS

  • KVS (Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan)
    • Autonomous body under the Ministry of Education.
    • Runs 1288 schools in India and 3 abroad.
    • Focuses on holistic education up to Class 12.
    • Headquarters: New Delhi, with 25 regional offices.
  • NVS (Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti)
    • Autonomous body under the Ministry of Education.
    • Runs 653 Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas (JNVs) across India (except Tamil Nadu).
    • Fully residential schools up to Senior Secondary level, mainly in rural areas.
    • Headquarters: Noida, with 8 regional offices.

📌 Key Highlights of Recruitment 2025

  • Recruitment conducted by CBSE on behalf of KVS & NVS.
  • Online applications only via official websites:
  • Selected candidates can be posted anywhere in India.
  • For NVS TGT (Regional Language), initial posting will be outside the linguistic state.

📊 Vacancy Overview

Here’s a snapshot of the major posts and tentative vacancies:

PostKVS VacanciesNVS Vacancies
Assistant Commissioner89
Principal13493
Vice-Principal58–
PGTs (Post Graduate Teachers)14651513
TGTs (Trained Graduate Teachers)27942978
Librarian147134
Primary Teachers (PRTs)3365–
Non-Teaching Posts1140+787+

(Vacancies include backlog and may vary due to retirement/promotion.)

📚 Subjects Covered

Post Graduate Teachers (PGTs)

  • Hindi, English, Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, History, Geography, Economics, Commerce, Computer Science, Biotechnology.
  • Modern Indian Languages in NVS: Assamese, Garo, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bangla, Manipuri.

Trained Graduate Teachers (TGTs)

  • Hindi, English, Sanskrit, Social Studies, Mathematics, Science, Physical Education, Art, Work Experience, Music, Computer Science, Special Educator.
  • NVS also includes 3rd Language posts (Assamese, Bodo, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odiya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bangla, Manipuri, etc.).

Primary Teachers (PRTs)

  • General PRT, Music, Special Educators.

Non-Teaching Posts

  • Administrative Officer, Finance Officer, Assistant Engineer, Section Officer, Translators, Secretariat Assistants, Stenographers, Lab Attendants, Multi-Tasking Staff.

♿ Reservation & Inclusivity

  • Reservation for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwBD) is ensured as per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016.
  • Categories include: Visual Impairment, Hearing Impairment, Locomotor Disability, and others.
  • Functional requirements and suitable disability categories are clearly defined for each post.

✅ Final Takeaway

The KVS & NVS Recruitment 2025 is a golden opportunity for aspiring teachers, principals, and administrators. With thousands of vacancies across India, this drive ensures inclusivity, diversity, and nationwide postings.

Candidates should:

  • Apply only through official websites.
  • Prepare for both teaching ability and additional responsibilities (especially in NVS residential schools).
  • Keep in mind that postings are transferable and requests for change of station will not be entertained.

Tier II syllabus overview for KVS & NVS recruitment (2025)

Below is a clean, copy-ready extraction of the full Tier II syllabi by post, organized for quick planning, content mapping, and targeted preparation. Use the headings to build your study calendar, slide decks, and Canva pages. If you need this split into bilingual micro-cards or printable checklists per topic, I’ll format it next.

Assistant commissioner (KVS) and assistant commissioner (academics) in NVS

I. Perspective on education and leadership

  • Understanding the learner: Growth, maturation, development debates; tasks across foundational–secondary stages; domains (physical, cognitive, socio-emotional, moral); deviations and implications; socialization (primary/secondary); home–school continuity; mental health and well-being.
  • Understanding teaching–learning: Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism and implications for principal/VP/HM/teacher/learner; relationships; discipline/power; innovative pedagogies; productive classroom; factors affecting learning for instruction design, student activities, learning spaces.
  • Planning and organization: Syllabus vs curriculum (overt/hidden); school timetable; FLN/ECCE; competency-based lesson planning and assessment; instructional materials/resources; digital technology; classroom observation, feedback, follow-up; reflection/dialogue for constructivism.
  • Conducive learning environment: Inclusion—diversity, disability, social construct of disability; identification/interventions; school mental health—curative/preventive/promotive; guidance/counselling; school–community as resource; RPwD Act 2016 provisions.
  • School organization and leadership: Leader as reflective practitioner/team builder/mentor; instructional/distributed/transformative leadership; vision/goal/SDP; processes/forums (calendar, timetabling, PTMs, assembly, TPD forums), data use, SSA/I; partnerships with community/industry/HEIs; accreditation.
  • Perspectives in education: Role of school; policies (NEP 2020; NCF-FS 2022; NCF-SE 2023; NIPUN Bharat); child rights & RTE 2009; historic policy review; curriculum principles—perspective, knowledge, areas, stages, pedagogy, assessment.

II. Management, supervision and leadership

  • Management: Nature/scope; planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling; manager’s role.
  • Leadership: Tasks, styles, theories; successful vs effective leaders.
  • HRD: Goals; performance appraisal, potential appraisal, feedback/counselling; career planning; training; rewards; welfare.
  • Motivation, morale, incentives: Theories; managerial motivation; morale factors; incentives’ role.
  • Communication: Process; channels; oral vs written; verbal vs non-verbal; upward/downward/lateral; barriers; IT role.
  • Supervision: Class observation; school supervision; ethics; emotional intelligence.

III. Administration and finance

  • Rules & procedures: Office procedure/management; CCS (CCA) 1965; CCS (Conduct) 1964; FRSR; TA; LTC; GFR 2017; CCS (Pension) 2021; NPS.
  • Finance & compliance: School budget principles; Income Tax & GST; RTI 2005; medical attendance & CGHS.
  • Labour & safety: Contract Labour Act 1970; POSH; POCSO; MoE/NCPCR/NDMA school safety.
  • Equity & rights: Constitutional provisions—PwBD/EWS/SC/ST/other disadvantaged; human rights.

Principal and vice-principal (KVS/NVS)

Content mirrors Assistant Commissioner Section I–III above, tailored to school headship:

  • Emphasis on vision building, SDPs, accreditation, data-driven improvement, partnerships, and staff development.
  • Same management/leadership/HRD/motivation/communication/supervision/ethics/EI set.
  • Same administration & finance rules; safety; equity; RTI; tax/GST; medical/CGHS; pensions/NPS.

PGT subject syllabi

Mathematics

  • Core set & algebra: Sets; relations/functions; trigonometric functions; complex numbers; inequalities; permutations/combinations; binomial theorem; sequences/series.
  • Geometry: Straight lines; conics; 3D coordinates; vectors; 3D lines (direction cosines/ratios, equations, skew lines, shortest distance, angle).
  • Calculus: Limits/derivatives; continuity/differentiability (composite, chain rule, inverse trig, implicit, exp/log, parametric, second derivative); applications (rates, monotonicity, maxima/minima); integrals (methods—substitution, parts, partial fractions; standard forms; definite integrals, FTC); area under curves.
  • Differential equations: Order/degree; general/particular; separation; homogeneous first order; linear first order (dy/dx+py=q, dx/dy+px=q).
  • Linear algebra: Matrices (types, operations, properties, invertibility); determinants (minors/cofactors, triangle area, adjoint/inverse); linear systems via inverse.
  • Probability & statistics: Measures of dispersion; axiomatic probability; conditional probability; Bayes’; random variable and distribution, mean.
  • Relations/functions advanced: Types (reflexive, symmetric, transitive, equivalence); bijections.
  • Inverse trig: Definitions, domain/range, principal values; graphs.
  • Linear programming: Terminology; graphical method; regions/solutions; optimality (2 vars, up to 3 constraints).

Physics

  • Foundations: Units/measurement; dimensions; significant figures.
  • Mechanics: 1D/2D motion; Newton’s laws; friction; circular motion; work–energy–power; rotational dynamics; COM; torque/angular momentum; MoI; gravitation—Kepler, g variation, potential/escape/orbital velocity.
  • Properties of matter: Solids (elasticity, moduli); fluids (pressure, Pascal, viscosity, Stokes, flow, Bernoulli; surface tension).
  • Thermal physics: Heat/temp; thermal expansion; specific heats; calorimetry; phase change; radiation (Wein, Stefan).
  • Thermodynamics: Zeroth/first/second law; processes (iso/adiabatic, reversible/irreversible/cyclic).
  • Kinetic theory: Ideal gas; pressure; rms speed; DoF; equipartition; mean free path; Avogadro.
  • Oscillations & waves: SHM; energy; pendulum; waves (progressive/standing, superposition, strings/pipes, beats).
  • Electrostatics & magnetism: Charges; Coulomb; field/dipole; Gauss (wire, plane, shell); magnetic materials; dipole torque.
  • EM induction & AC: Faraday/Lenz; self/mutual induction; AC—RMS, reactance/impedance, LCR, resonance, power/power factor; generator/transformer.
  • EM waves: Displacement current; spectrum and uses.
  • Optics: Ray—reflection/refraction, TIR, fibers, spherical surfaces/lenses; formulas; prisms; instruments (microscope/telescope); Wave—Huygens, interference (YDSE), diffraction (single slit).
  • Modern physics: Dual nature; photoelectric effect; atoms—Rutherford/Bohr; nucleus—mass defect/binding, fission/fusion.
  • Semiconductors: Bands; intrinsic/extrinsic; pn diode I–V; rectification.

Chemistry

  • General chemistry: Matter; laws; Dalton; mole; stoichiometry.
  • Atomic structure: Models (Thomson/Rutherford/Bohr); quantum numbers; orbitals; dual nature; uncertainty; configurations; rules (Aufbau/Pauli/Hund).
  • Periodic properties: Trends (radii, IE, EA, EN, valency); superheavy nomenclature.
  • Bonding: Ionic/covalent; parameters; polarity; VBT; resonance; VSEPR; hybridization; MOT (homonuclear); H-bond.
  • Thermodynamics: System/state; 1st/2nd/3rd law; ΔU/ΔH; Hess; enthalpy types; entropy; Gibbs and spontaneity/equilibrium.
  • Equilibrium: Law of mass action; K; Le Chatelier; ionic equilibrium—acid/base strength, ionization, pH, hydrolysis, buffers (Henderson), Ksp, common ion.
  • Redox: Oxidation numbers; balancing; applications.
  • Organic basics: Purification; analysis; classification; IUPAC; electronic effects; fissions; intermediates; reaction types.
  • Hydrocarbons: Alkanes (nomenclature, isomerism, conformation, reactions); alkenes (structure, E/Z, prep, electrophilic additions, ozonolysis, oxidation); alkynes (acidic, additions); aromatics (benzene—resonance, aromaticity; EAS and directing effects; carcinogenicity).
  • Solutions & colligative: Concentrations; solubility; Raoult; colligatives; van’t Hoff.
  • Electrochemistry: Cells; E°, Nernst; ΔG–EMF; conductance; Kohlrausch; electrolysis; dry/galvanic cells; accumulator; fuel cells; corrosion.
  • Kinetics: Rate; factors; order/molecularity; rate laws; integrated equations (0/1st); collision theory; Ea; Arrhenius.
  • d/f-block: Trends; properties; K2Cr2O7/KMnO4; lanthanoids/actinoids.
  • Coordination: Ligands; CN; color/magnetism/shapes; naming; VBT/CFT; stereoisomerism; applications.
  • Haloalkanes/arenes: Nature of C–X; substitution mechanisms; directives; environmental impacts (DCM, CHCl3, CCl4, iodoform, freons, DDT).
  • Alcohols/phenols/ethers: Prep; properties; identification; dehydration; acidity and EAS of phenols; uses.
  • Carbonyls/acids: Prep; properties; nucleophilic addition; α-H reactivity; acidity; uses.
  • Amines/diazonium: Prep; properties; identification; diazonium chemistry; synthetic importance.
  • Biomolecules: Carbs (mono/oligo/poly; D/L); proteins (levels; denaturation; enzymes); hormones/vitamins; nucleic acids (DNA/RNA).

Biology

  • Diversity & classification: Living world; taxonomy; 3 domains; five kingdoms; lichens; viruses/viroids.
  • Plants & animals: Plant groups (algae, bryophyta, pteridophyta, gymnosperms); animal kingdom (non-chordate phyla, chordate classes).
  • Morphology & anatomy: Flowering plant parts; Solanaceae family; tissue systems (dicots/monocots).
  • Organization in animals: Frog—systems anatomy/physiology.
  • Cell biology: Prokaryotic/eukaryotic; organelles; cytoskeleton; nucleus; membrane systems.
  • Biomolecules: Proteins, carbs, lipids, nucleic acids; enzyme properties/action.
  • Cell cycle/division: Mitosis/meiosis; significance.
  • Plant physiology: Photosynthesis (pigments; light/dark; chemiosmosis; photorespiration; C3/C4; factors); respiration (glycolysis, fermentation, TCA, ETS; ATP; amphibolic).
  • Growth & development: Phases, rate, differentiation; regulators (auxin, GA, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA).
  • Human physiology: Breathing/gas exchange; circulation; excretion; locomotion/movement; nervous control & conduction; endocrine systems and disorders.
  • Reproduction: Flowering plant reproduction (male/female gametophytes, pollination, double fertilization; apomixis/parthenocarpy/polyembryony); human reproduction (gametogenesis, cycle, fertilization, implantation, placenta, parturition, lactation); reproductive health (STDs, contraception, MTP, IVF/ZIFT/GIFT).
  • Genetics & evolution: Mendelian and deviations; polygenic; chromosome theory; linkage/crossover; sex determination; sex-linked disorders; chromosomal syndromes; DNA/RNA; replication; transcription/translation; lac operon; HGP; DNA fingerprinting; evolution (evidence; adaptive radiation; Darwin; mutation/recombination; selection; gene flow/drift; H–W principle; human evolution).
  • Health & disease: Pathogens (key diseases), immunology basics, vaccines, cancer, HIV/AIDS; substance abuse.
  • Biotechnology: rDNA tech; GMO, Bt crops, insulin; gene therapy; diagnostics; transgenics; biosafety; biopiracy/patents.
  • Ecology: Organisms-populations (interactions, attributes); ecosystems (productivity, decomposition, energy flow, pyramids); biodiversity (levels, patterns, loss, conservation; hotspots, reserves, parks, Ramsar).

Computer science

  • CS & hardware: Organization; input/output; CPU; memory; units. Types of software; OS functions/UI; Boolean logic and circuits; number systems and conversion; encodings (ASCII/ISCII/Unicode).
  • Programming (Python): Problem-solving flowcharts/pseudocode; tokens/variables; data types; operators; expressions/precedence; type conversion; I/O; errors; control flow (conditionals/loops); strings/lists/tuples/dicts methods; modules (math/random/statistics).
  • Files: Text (modes, with-context, write/read, seek/tell); binary (pickle—dump/load; operations); CSV (reader/writer).
  • Networking: Evolution (ARPANET/NSFNET/Internet); data communication (components, bandwidth, IP, switching); transmission media; devices; topologies; protocols; web services (WWW, HTML, XML, domain/URL, browsers/servers/hosting).
  • DBMS & SQL: Relational model (relation/attribute/tuple/domain/keys); DDL/DML; constraints; create/alter/drop; insert/update/delete/select; where/in/between/order by/null/like; aggregates; group by/having; joins (cartesian/equi/natural); Python–SQL connectivity and cursor/fetch methods.
  • Ethics: Digital footprints; net/society etiquettes; data protection/IPR; open-source licenses (CC, GPL, Apache); cybercrime/safety; malware; e-waste; IT Act; gender/disability in computing.
  • Emerging trends: AI/ML/NLP; AR/VR; robotics; big data; IoT/sensors; smart cities; cloud (SaaS/IaaS/PaaS); grid; blockchain.
  • Data handling & viz: Pandas (Series/DataFrame creation/indexing/operations); CSV import/export; Matplotlib (line/bar/histogram, labels/titles/legend).
  • Networks (intro): LAN/MAN/WAN; devices; topologies; Internet basics; websites; browsers/cookies.
  • Societal impacts: Digital footprint, IP, FOSS, cyber laws/bullying; e-waste; tech health concerns.

Commerce (accountancy & business studies)

  • Accountancy: Concepts; users; qualitative characteristics; GAAP & assumptions; standards (IndAS applicability); GST basics. Recording (vouchers, journal, subsidiary books, cash book, ledger); BRS; depreciation (SLM/WDV; disposal); provisions/reserves; trial balance/errors/suspense; financial statements (TP&L, balance sheet, adjustments); partnership (PSR changes; admission; retirement/death—goodwill, revaluation, reserves, capital adjustments; dissolution—realization); share capital (issue, premium/discount, oversub/undersub, forfeiture/reissue; ESOP/sweat equity; disclosure); debentures (issue terms, collateral; interest; write off discount/loss); company financial statements (Schedule III); ratio analysis (liquidity/solvency/activity/profitability); cash flow statements.
  • Business studies: Evolution of trade/commerce; business types (industry/commerce; trade & auxiliaries); risk; forms (sole, partnership, HUF, co-op, company incl. OPC; formation); public/private/global enterprises; PPP; services (banking, e-banking, insurance, postal); e-business; CSR & ethics; finance sources (equity/preference/retained; debentures/loans/deposits/trade credit/ICD); entrepreneurship (Start-up India, IPR); MSME (NSIC/DIC); internal trade (wholesale/retail types; GST); international trade (export/import procedures; documents; WTO); management (nature, functions; science/art/profession; levels; coordination); principles (Fayol/Taylor); environment (dimensions; demonetization); planning (process, types); organizing (structure, delegation, decentralization); staffing (HRM process; recruitment/selection; training methods); directing (motivation—Maslow, incentives; leadership styles; communication—barriers/solutions); controlling (process; planning link); financial management (decisions, planning, capital structure, working capital); markets (money/capital; stock exchange & SEBI); marketing (mix; product/price/place/promotion); consumer protection (CPA 2019; rights; redressal; NGOs).

Economics

  • Stats for economics: Meaning/scope/functions; data collection (primary/secondary; sampling; Census/NSSO); organization (variables; frequency); presentation (tables; diagrams—bar/pie; frequency—histogram/polygon/ogive; time series).
  • Tools & interpretation: Central tendency (mean/median/mode); correlation (scatter, Pearson, Spearman rank); index numbers (WPI, CPI, IIP; uses; inflation linkage).
  • Micro: Positive/normative; central problems; PPF/opportunity cost. Consumer equilibrium (utility, MU, DMU; indifference curve—budget, preferences, equilibrium). Demand (determinants; schedules/curves; movements/shifts; elasticity—factors; measurement—% change, total outlay). Producer behavior (production function; TP/AP/MP; returns to factor). Costs (TC/TFC/TVC; AC/AFC/AVC/MC; relations). Revenues (TR/AR/MR). Producer equilibrium (MR=MC). Supply (determinants; curve; elasticity measurement). Markets (perfect competition—features; equilibrium shifts; price control—ceiling/floor).
  • Macro: Concepts (final/intermediate; stocks/flows; gross/depreciation). Circular flow (2-sector). National income methods (value added, expenditure, income). Aggregates (GDP/GNP/NDP/NNP; market price/factor cost; real/nominal; welfare). Money & banking (functions; money creation; RBI functions; credit control—Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo/Reverse Repo, OMO, margin). Income determination (AD components; APC/APS; multiplier; full employment/involuntary unemployment; demand gaps and policy measures). Budget (objectives/components; receipts/expenditure; deficit measures). BoP (accounts/components; surplus/deficit; FX regimes—fixed/flexible/managed floating; market determination; merits/demerits). Development experience (post-1947; five-year plans; agriculture/industry/trade; reforms since 1991—LPG; demonetization; GST). Current challenges (human capital; rural development—coops/marketing/diversification/organic; employment (formal/informal); sustainability/environment/global warming). Comparative development (India and neighbors; growth, population, sectoral, HDI).

Geography

  • Discipline & earth systems: Geography as integrating science; physical/human branches; origin/evolution; interiors; earthquakes/volcanoes; oceans/continents; plate tectonics.
  • Geomorphology: Weathering/mass wasting/erosion/deposition; soils; landform evolution (erosional/depositional features).
  • Climate: Atmosphere; solar radiation/heat budget; heating/cooling; temperature controls/distribution/inversion; circulation (pressure belts; winds; air masses/fronts; cyclones); water in atmosphere (evaporation, condensation, forms; rainfall types/distribution); world climate/global concerns.
  • Oceans: Oceanography basics; temp/salinity distribution; waves/tides/currents; submarine reliefs.
  • Life: Biosphere; biodiversity/conservation.
  • India physical: Location/spatial relations; structure/relief/divisions; drainage (basins; Himalayan/Peninsular rivers); climate/monsoon (onset/withdrawal); vegetation & wildlife; conservation; biosphere reserves; hazards/disasters (floods/cloudbursts/droughts/earthquakes/tsunami/cyclones/landslides).
  • Mapping: Geospatial data; data matrix; point/line/area; map types/scales; linear scale; direction/symbols; projections (latitude/longitude/time; conical—one standard parallel; Mercator).
  • Toposheets/weather maps: Contours/cross-sections; landforms; settlement distribution; satellite imagery; remote sensing platforms/sensors/products (photo/digital).
  • Population & development: Distribution/density/growth; components; demographic transition; human development indicators; India’s composition—linguistic/religious/sex/rural-urban/occupational variations.
  • Economic geography: Primary/secondary/tertiary/quaternary activities (global examples); settlements (rural/urban types & functional classification); transport (land/water/air; pipelines); satellite communication/GPS; trade (bases/patterns; WTO; ports as gateways).
  • India resources & development: Land use; major crops (conditions/distribution); agricultural development/issues; water resources/utilization/scarcity/conservation (RWH/watershed); minerals (metallic/non-metallic); energy (conventional/non-conventional; conservation); planning (target-group; sustainable development case studies); transport/communication/trade (changing foreign trade; seaports/airports; networks); urban issues (pollution, waste disposal; migration; slums; land degradation).

History

  • World themes: Writing/city life (Mesopotamia); Roman Empire (politics/economy/religion/culture/Late Antiquity; slavery); Mongol empires (nomadism, formation, conquests); medieval Europe—three orders (feudal society/economy/state/church; decline); cultural changes (Renaissance debates; West Asia’s contribution); settler colonialism (North America/Australia; displacement); modernization (Japan militarization; China communism; debates).
  • India ancient–medieval: Harappa (discoveries/urban centers); kings/farmers/towns (Mauryan–Gupta; inscriptions/decipherment; Ashokan edicts; Gupta land grants); kinship/caste/class (Mahabharata—transmission; themes of caste/gender/class); thinkers/beliefs/buildings (Buddhism focus; Sanchi).
  • Early modern: Travellers’ accounts (Al Biruni, Ibn Battuta, Bernier); Bhakti–Sufi (ideas/practices; transmission; texts); Vijayanagara—imperial capital (architecture–politics; Hampi); agrarian Mughal (Ain-i-Akbari; relations/change; compilation/translation).
  • Colonial & national: Countryside (official archives; zamindars/peasants/artisans; Permanent Settlement; Santhals/Paharias; Fifth Report excerpts); 1857 (events, unity narratives, representations; Lucknow focus); Gandhi & nationalism (1918–48; movements; “finest hours”; press reports); Constituent Assembly (making of constitution; debates).

English (PGT/TGT)

  • Reading: 3–4 unseen passages (prose, poetry, drama, articles, editorials, scientific/literary extracts); tested for comprehension, inference, vocabulary, tone, rhetorical devices, logical sequencing.
  • Writing: Functional—formal/informal letters; job applications; letters to editors; complaints; notices/circulars/press releases; reports. Creative/analytical—essays (argumentative/analytical/reflective/descriptive); articles/debates/speeches.
  • Grammar & usage: Parts of speech; sentence structure (types; SVA; parallelism; connectors); tenses (active/passive; sequence; reported speech); clauses; common errors (articles, prepositions, modifiers, redundancy, word order); editing/proofreading (error detection/sentence correction/transformation).
  • Literature: British (Elizabethan/Jacobean drama; Donne, Pope, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats; Dickens, Hardy, Woolf, Eliot, Orwell); American (Frost, Dickinson, Hughes; Miller, Hemingway, Twain, Lee); Indian WIE (Narayan, Anand, Desai, Seth, Roy, Ghosh); World (García Márquez, Achebe, Neruda, Hosseini).
  • Criticism & movements: Classicism, Romanticism, Modernism, Postmodernism, Feminism, Postcolonialism, Structuralism.

Hindi (PGT/TGT)

  • Sahitya (PGT): Adikal–Ritikal (contexts, trends, major authors/works; styles); Bhaktikal (nirgun/sagun—Kabir, Dadu, Raidas, Nanak; Tulsidas, Sur, Meera, Keshav, Ashtchhap, Ras Khan); Ritikal—Deo, Bihari, Ghananand, Matiram, Senapati, Bhushan, Padmakar. Adhunik—Bharteendu, Dwivedi, Harishchandra, Gupta; Chhayavad—Prasad, Mahadevi, Pant, Nirala; Uttar-chhayavad–Nayi Kavita/Pragativad/Prayogvad (Bachchan, MLC, Naveen, Kedarnath, Nagarjun, Muktibodh, Ajneya, etc.). Gadya—personalities/works (Bharteendu, Ramchandra Shukla, Premchand, Jainendra, Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Dharmveer Bharti, Ramvilas Sharma, Nirmal Verma, Renu, Krishna Sobti, Bhishm Sahni, Shekhar Joshi, Vishnu Khare, Mamta Kalia); development of forms (essay/story/novel/drama/ekanki/memoir/travelogue/autobiography/biography/letters/diary/criticism/reportage). Sahityashastra—kavya swaroop/atma; gun-dosh; shabd-shakti; ras; alankar; chhand; bimb/prateek/bhasha/shaili; Western poetics. Language—evolution; dialects/sub-dialects; family; apathit bodh.
  • Vyakarṇ (PGT/TGT): Varn-vichar (phonetics; alphabet; spelling; sandhi/sandhi-vichched); shabd-vichar/bhandar (paryay, vilom, ekarthi, anekarthi, homophones); shabd-nirmaan (upasarg/pratyay/samas); pad-vichar (sangya, sarvanam, visheshan/visheshya with ling/vachan/karak; kriya types—akarmak/sakarmak; kaal; vachya–parivartan; avyay—kriya visheshan, sambandhbodhak, samuchchaybodhak, vismayadibodhak); pad-bandh/pad-parichay; vakya-vichar (structure; types; transformation/sansleshan/vishleshan); punctuation, lokokti/muhavare.
  • Prayojanmūlak Hindi (PGT): Journalism (print/radio/TV); advertising; announcements; speeches/moderation; office Hindi (minutes, reports, govt letters, notices, tenders); creative writing (poems, short stories; dialogues; conversion story→poem).
  • TGT Hindi: Core BA-level coverage of history of literature; major genres; grammar (listed above); comprehension; applied writing (emails, advertisements, etc.); constitutional status; rajbhasha/prayojanmulak/standard Hindi.

TGT syllabi (Maths, Science, Social Science, English, Sanskrit, Art, Physical & Health Education, Work Experience, Computer Science, Librarian)

TGT mathematics

  • Numbers & algebra: Real numbers (irrationals, roots, rationalization; exponents; FTA; number patterns); polynomials (zeros, identities, factor theorem, factorization).
  • Matrices (advanced add-on): Vector spaces, bases, transformations (translation/rotation/reflection); eigenvalues/vectors; diagonal forms; inverses via row ops; rank; linear systems via matrices.
  • Linear equations: In two variables—solutions/graphs; pairs—graphical/algebraic (substitution/elimination); consistency conditions.
  • Quadratics: Solutions (factorization/quadratic formula); discriminant and nature of roots.
  • AP: nth term/sum; applications.
  • Coordinate geometry: Cartesian, graphs; distance; section formula; area of triangle.
  • Geometry: Euclid’s foundations; lines/angles; triangles—congruence (SAS/ASA/SSS/RHS); properties (equal angles/sides); parallels and ratios; similarity criteria; mid-point theorem; quadrilaterals—parallelogram properties/converses; circles—chords/angles/arc theorems; cyclic quadrilateral; tangents (perpendicularity; equal lengths).
  • Mensuration: Areas (Heron; circle sectors/segments at 60/90/120°); surface areas/volumes (spheres/hemispheres/cones; combinations).
  • Statistics & probability: Bar/histogram/frequency polygon; mean/median/mode; classical probability; discrete/continuous variables.
  • Trigonometry: Ratios (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°); identities (sin²A+cos²A=1); heights/distances (30°/45°/60°).
  • Calculus (intro): Functions and graphs; limits/continuity; differentiation (chain/product/quotient; second order); integrals (reverse process).
  • Inequalities: Elementary; absolute value; inequality of means; Cauchy–Schwarz; Chebyshev.

TGT science

  • Matter: States (gas/liquid/solid/plasma/BEC); intermolecular forces; mixtures/pure substances; Henry’s law; concentration; colloids (Tyndall/Brownian); suspension; SI units; physical/chemical changes; laws of combination; Gay-Lussac/Avogadro; mole/compositions.
  • Atomic structure: Electrons/protons/neutrons; valency; atomic number/mass; isotopes/isobars; discharge tube.
  • Chemical reactions: Balanced equations; types (combination/decomposition/displacement/double displacement/precipitation/endothermic/exothermic/redox).
  • Acids/bases/salts: Definitions (H+/OH–); properties; neutralization; pH numericals; uses—NaOH, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda, PoP; everyday pH importance.
  • Metals/non-metals: Properties; reactivity series; ionic compounds; metallurgy; corrosion prevention.
  • Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding; homologous series; saturated vs unsaturated; properties; alcohols (prep/properties; iodoform; effects); acids (prep/properties); soaps/detergents; hybridization/shapes; isomerism; IUPAC.
  • Periodic classification: Mendeleev; trends; hydrogen’s position.
  • Biology basics: Tissues (animal—4 types; plant—meristematic/permanent); life processes (nutrition/respiration/transport/excretion); control and coordination (tropism; hormones; nerves; reflexes; chemical coordination).
  • Reproduction: Asexual/sexual (plants/animals); reproductive health; HIV/AIDS; maternal health.
  • Heredity/evolution: Laws of inheritance; sex determination; traits; homologous/analogous; fossils.
  • Cell: Prokaryotic/eukaryotic; organelles; chromosomes (structure/number).
  • Physics basics: Motion (distance/displacement; v/a; graphs; circular); Newton’s laws; gravitation (laws; g; mass/weight; free fall); floatation (thrust/pressure; Archimedes); work/energy/power; sound (propagation; speed; ultrasound; echo).
  • Electricity/magnetism: Current, PD; Ohm’s law; resistance factors; series/parallel; heating effect; power; magnetic fields and rules (Fleming’s LH/RH); motor/generator; AC/DC; domestic circuits.
  • Food production: Breeding/selection; fertilizers/manures; pests/diseases; organic farming.
  • Optics, environment: Mirrors/lenses; refraction; magnification; defects/corrections; prism, dispersion/scattering. Ecosystems; ozone depletion; waste; biodegradability; greenhouse/smog; water pollution (BOD/COD; standards; processing).
  • Diversity & health: Classification basics; nomenclature; why do we fall ill; disease types; immunization.

TGT social science

  • History: Forest society/colonialism; pastoralists; Indus valley (cities/art/agriculture); Muvender (Sangam—Cheras/Cholas/Pandya; Vijayanagar—founder/dynasties/admin); 1857 revolt (Nawabs’ power; peasants/sepoys; reforms; mutiny as rebellion).
  • Geography: Motions of earth; seasons; lat/long; time; earth interior; drift/tectonics; quakes/volcanoes; folding/faulting. India—location/size/world; neighbors; physical divisions; drainage (Himalayan/Peninsular; lakes; economy role; pollution). Climate—controls; seasons; rainfall; monsoon bond. Vegetation/wildlife—types. Population—size/distribution; growth/processes.
  • Civics: Democracy—what/why/features; broader meanings. Constitution—South Africa; need; making; guiding values. Electoral politics—why/system/democracy features. Institutions—decision making; Parliament; executive; judiciary. Rights—life without rights; constitutional rights; expanding scope.
  • Economics: People as resource (activities, quality, unemployment); Poverty—cases, estimates, vulnerable groups, causes, measures; Food security—who/why, buffer stock, PDS, co-ops.
  • India & contemporary world II: Nationalism (Europe; FR; revolutions; Germany/Italy; nation visualization; imperialism); Nationalism in India (WWI, Khilafat, non-cooperation; strands; civil disobedience; collective belonging). Global world (pre-modern; 19th; interwar; postwar); Industrialization (pre/colonies; factories; growth peculiarities; markets); Print culture (first books; Europe; revolution; reading mania; India; reform/debates; censorship).
  • Contemporary India II: Resources & development (planning, land use, soil); forests/wildlife (types; conservation; community role); water resources (scarcity; multipurpose projects; RWH); agriculture (types; cropping; reforms; food security); minerals/energy (occurrence, types; conservation); industries (location; agro/mineral-based; pollution/degradation/control); life lines (transport/communication/trade/tourism).
  • Democratic politics II: Power sharing (Belgium/Sri Lanka; desirability; forms); federalism (features; India; practice; decentralization); gender/religion/caste; political parties (need; types; challenges; reforms); outcomes of democracy (accountability; growth; inequality; diversity; dignity).
  • Understanding economic development: Development goals; national/international comparisons; income & criteria; public facilities; sustainability; sectors (primary/secondary/tertiary; organized/unorganized; public/private); money/credit (banking; credit situations; terms; formal credit; SHGs); globalization (production links; trade; integration; enabling factors; WTO; impact; fair globalization); consumer rights.

TGT art education

  • Indian art history: Indus Valley—sites, sculptures (“Dancing girl”, “Male torso”, “Mother goddess”), seals, pottery. Buddhist/Jain/Hindu—Mauryan (Lion capital; Didarganj); Gandhara/Mathura; Gupta (Sarnath Buddha, Jain Tirthankara); Ajanta (Padmapani; Mara Vijay).
  • Temple sculpture & Indo-Islamic architecture: Pallava (Descent of Ganga); Rashtrakuta (Kailash); Elephanta (Trimurti); Chandela (Khajuraho); Konark Sun Temple (Cymbal player); Dilwara (Mother & Child). Bronzes (methods; Nataraja, Uma). Architecture—Qutab Minar, Taj Mahal, Gol Gumbaz.
  • Miniatures: Rajasthani (Mewar, Bundi, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Kishangarh, Jaipur) with key works; Pahari (Basohli/Kangra). Mughal (Akbar/Jahangir/Shahjahan/Oudh) with artists; Deccan (Ahmednagar/Golconda).
  • Bengal school & modern trends: Ravi Varma; national flag evolution; Tagore, Nandalal Bose, Chughtai; modern painters/sculptors (Gaganendranath, Jamini Roy, Amrita Sher-Gil, Roychowdhury, Ramkinkar, Husain, Hebbar, Bendre, Tyeb Mehta; prints—Krishna Reddy/Somnath Hore/Jyoti Bhatt/Anupam Sud/Laxman Goud; sculptures—Bhagat/Sehgal/Jankiram/Sankho/Aekka).

TGT physical & health education

  • Concepts: Aims/objectives; scope; role in total education.
  • Physiology: Exercise effects—muscular, circulatory, respiratory, digestive.
  • Psychology: Sports psychology; achievement/motivation; sportsmanship/ethics.
  • Fitness & wellness: Components; influencing factors; principles; means (aerobics/jogging/cycling/calisthenics/rhythmic; games/sports; circuit training).
  • Training methods: Warm up/limber down; strength (isometric/isokinetic); endurance (continuous/interval/fartlek); speed (acceleration/pace).
  • Sociology: Cultural heritage; leadership; group dynamics.
  • Sport-specific: History/rules/field measurements/equipment; fundamental skills; terminology; tournaments/venues/personnel/awards.
  • Health education: Objectives; community participation; communicable diseases (alerts; transmission; prevention—AIDS/Hep B/C); contemporary problems (substance abuse; obesity); healthy environment (water/air/noise/sanitation; accident prevention; disaster preparedness); family health (adolescence; reproduction; prenatal care; premarital/teenage pregnancy; parenting); first-aid—soft tissue, bone, joint injuries.

TGT work experience (electronics/electrical)

  • Circuit fundamentals: Ground; Ohm’s law; series/parallel; opens/shorts; voltage division; Kirchhoff laws.
  • Network theorems: Superposition; Thevenin/Norton; maximum power transfer.
  • Passive elements: Resistors (types/specs/color code/testing); inductors (cores, L, mutual; Q; impedance; energy); capacitors (types/specs; series/parallel; energy; testing; AC reactance; charging).
  • Energy sources: Primary/secondary cells (carbon-zinc, alkaline, Ni-Cd, mercury, silver-oxide, lead-acid); ratings/testing; photoelectric/solar.
  • Magnetism/EM: Materials; shielding; transformer theory; autotransformer; matching.
  • AC fundamentals: Generators; waveforms; sine characteristics; values; phase/phasors; AC through R/L/C; harmonics.
  • AC circuits: R-L; R-C; resonance; Q; bandwidth; tuning; series/parallel resonance.
  • Time constants: RL/RC transients; kick; charging/discharging; pulse/square response.
  • Filters & coupling: Tuned circuits; transformers; coefficient of coupling; filter types (LP/HP/BP/BS; multisection).
  • Semiconductor basics: Solids/bands; conduction types; intrinsic/extrinsic; carriers; drift.
  • PN junction & diodes: Barrier; forward/reverse; breakdown; junction capacitance; diode circuits; clippers/clampers; special diodes (Zener, tunnel, varactor, PIN, Schottky, SRD; thermistors); opto—LED, photodiode, PMT, photovoltaic.
  • Power supplies: Rectifiers (half/full/bridge); filters; regulation (Zener/transistor series/shunt); multipliers; SCR controlled rectifiers and phase control.
  • Transistors: BJT basics; configurations (CB/CE/CC); leakage/thermal runaway; characteristics; hybrid/T-models; biasing (load lines; stability; bias schemes); single-stage/multistage amplifiers (Class A/B/C; push-pull; coupling methods; frequency response; dB system; ft; GBW).
  • Feedback: Negative feedback types (series/shunt; voltage/current) and benefits.
  • FETs: JFET/MOSFET characteristics; biasing; amplifiers; switches; handling.
  • Breakdown devices: UJT; SCR; triac; diac; SCS; oscillators (LC—Hartley/Colpitts/Clapp; crystal; phase-shift; Wien); multivibrators; blocking oscillators.
  • Comms: AM/FM theory; sidebands; power; generation; detection; receivers.
  • ICs: Types; fabrication; op-amps (ideals; applications—amplifier, follower, adder/subtractor, integrator/differentiator, comparator).
  • Digital: Number systems (binary/octal/decimal/hex; conversions; operations; complements; shifts); logic gates (OR/AND/NOT/NOR/NAND/XOR/XNOR; adders/subtractors); Boolean algebra; logic families (RTL/DTL/TTL/ECL/I2L/MOS/CMOS).
  • Transducers: Resistive/inductive/capacitive; LVDT; piezo; strain; temperature (RTD/thermistor/thermocouple); microphones; loudspeakers.
  • Instruments: Meters (VOM/VTVM/DVM); CRO/CRT; Lissajous; frequency measurement.

TGT computer science (NVS)

  • Same CS syllabus structure as PGT (scaled to TGT level) plus school-level OS, Python basics, lists/dicts, databases/SQL, networks, societal impacts.

Librarian (KVS) / TGT (Library) (NVS)

  • Foundations: Libraries as social institutions; types (academic/public/special) & functions; UGC’s role; formal/informal education. Five laws; implications; Indian library development (Baroda system); cooperation/networking. Legislation (state acts; Maharashtra Public Library Act); Press & Registration; delivery of books; copyright/IPR. Profession—attributes, ethics; associations (FID, IFLA, LA, ILA, ALA, IASLIC); education & research; promoters (RRRLF, UNESCO). PR & outreach (programs; pathfinders); factors (literacy/publishing/book trade).
  • Knowledge organization: Universe of knowledge/subjects; formation/mapping; cataloging purpose, forms (OPAC), rules; principles & standardization; codes. Classification—theories/principles; species; schemes (CC/DDC/UDC); notation; subdivision index; trends. Subject classification; subject headings.
  • IT basics: Computer evolution; components; I/O devices; OS (DOS/Windows/Linux/UNIX/NT); programming concepts; algorithms/flowcharts; word processors/spreadsheets; DBMS packages (dBase/FoxPro/CDS/ISIS/SOUL/MS Access); library housekeeping with IT; communication tech; networking; Internet.
  • Management: Concepts/styles/schools; functions/scientific management; HRM (structure, delegation, communication, job description/evaluation, relationships, recruitment, motivation/group dynamics, T&D, discipline/grievances, performance appraisal); financial management (resource mobilization; budgeting—PPBS/ZBB; control; cost-benefit; outsourcing); reporting; systems analysis/design (PERT/CPM, decision tables, MIS, reengineering; time-motion; SWOT; DFD); TQM; tech management; library operations—acquisition, processing, serials/circulation, maintenance, stock verification, weeding; preservation/restoration (print/non-print/electronic); planning (MBO; buildings/furniture; risk/contingency; standards).
  • Information sources & services: Documentary/non-documentary sources; reference tools (encyclopedia/dictionary/journals/theses/books/yearbooks/patents/trade literature/standards/bibliographies/handbooks; abstracting/indexing); Internet sources. Reference service—scope; interview/search. Products/services (CAS/SDI; bibliographic; referral; document delivery; translation). Systems—national/international/commercial.
  • Users: Surveys (proforma/interview/records); needs & models; seeking behavior; user education (goals/levels/methods/evaluation); studies; orientation programs (tours, newsletters, handbooks, websites).
  • Practicum: Classification (CC/DDC); book numbers; cataloging (CCC/AACR); subject headings; OS/word/spreadsheet; DB creation/search; reference source evaluation; current awareness lists; library/user surveys.

PRT syllabus (general) and PRT (music)

PRT (general)

  • Reading/writing/grammar: Same structure as English TGT; add Hindi coverage for primary (literature history; genres—story/essay/report; apathit gadyansh/padyansh; muhaware/lokoktiyan). Grammar includes nouns/adjectives/vachan usage, numbers in Hindi, conjunct letters, synonyms/antonyms (level-appropriate), pronouns/ling, adjective–noun agreement, kriya/kaal/karak identification, sandhi/sandhi-vichhed, paryayvachi.
  • Math (primary-expanded): Number sense; operations; mental arithmetic; fractions; money; measurement (length/weight/capacity); time; patterns; LCM/HCF; mensuration; area/volume; perimeter; DST; profit/loss; percentage/ratio; average; lines/angles; circle; triangles; statistics/data handling.
  • EVS/social: Family/friends/community; natural resources; environment and impacts; life around; gifts of nature; food/shelter/water/travel/activities; physiological processes (plants/animals/humans); weather/climate; landforms of India; cultural heritage/traditions; governance/democracy; Constitution; Indus Valley; Gupta era; Indian resources; magnets; materials; separation methods.
  • Visual art & physical education: Objects/still life; colors; paper crafts; seals/prints; local art forms. Yoga; motor fitness; diet/health; first aid/safety; sports ethics; fundamentals of basic school games; local games of states.

PRT (music)

  • Science of music: Vibration/frequency; pitch; vocal/instrumental ranges; amplitude; timbre; overtones; consonance/dissonance; chords; absorption/echo/reverb/resonance; shruti theories (Lochan, Ahobal, Pundarik, Ramamatya, Somnath); thaat/mela comparisons (Bhatkhande’s ten; Venkatamakhin’s 72; modern 32 thaats).
  • Rāga & tāla studies: Critical/comparative study (Sudha Kalyan, Deshkar, Kamod, Chhayanat, Goud Sarang, Jaijaivanti, Ramkali, Pooriya, Marwa, Sohani, Shankara; later sets like Lalit, Darbari, Adana, Miya Malhar, Goud Malhar, Bahar, Todi, Multani, Deshi, Jogiya, Vibhas, Bhairav, Yaman, etc.); Nyas, alpatva, bahutva, avirbhav, tirobhav; tālas (Teentaal, Ektal, Jhaptal, Rupak, Teevra, Sooltal, Jhoomra, Dhamar, Jat tal; Addha/Deepchandi/Chautal/Kaharwa/Dadra/Farodast/Pancham Sawari etc.); layakari (dugun, tigun, chaugun, āda).
  • Notation & performance: Bhatkhande/Viṣṇu Digambar/western notation; write alaps/tāns/boltāns (khayal; dhrupad/dhamar); instrumental gats (alap/toda/jhāla); percussion—parans/peshkar/quāda/relā/laggi/ladi etc.; tukhde/tihāīs/kāydās/paltās/mukhrā; identify rāgas from swaras; styles/bāj/gharanas; layakari across tālas.
  • Theory (western interwoven): Intervals; time signatures; scales (diatonic, Pythagorean, tempered; major/minor); harmony/melody; veena note placement (Pt. Srinivas); compare tal paddhati (north/south).
  • History/biographies: Tansen, Amir Khusro, Bhatkhande, Vishnu Digambar, Onkar Nath Thakur, Pt. Ravi Shankar, Allauddin Khan, Ahmad Jan Thirakwa, Kudau Singh, Nana Sahib Panse, Pt. Shiv Kumar Sharma, Pt. Debu Chaudhary, Pt. Ram Sahay, Faiyyaz Khan, etc.
  • Styles & forms: Dhrupad, Dhamar, Khayal, Thumri, Tappa, Chaturang, Tarana, Trivat; grammar (geet, gandharva, deshi; sthāyi/mukhachalan/akṣiptikā; nibaddh/anibaddh; rāglakshan; prachalit alap/tān; meend/gamak/rekhākār); Moorchana, gram; chhand; stuti/jhulna/jabābi parans; lom-bilom; charbagh.

Special educator syllabi

TGT special educator

  • Human growth/development: Approaches/theories; early years/adolescence/adulthood transitions.
  • Learning/teaching/assessment: Learning/intelligence; motivation; teaching–learning process; school assessment overview; strategies/practices.
  • Pedagogy (choose two): Science/Math/Social Science/Hindi/English—nature, planning, methods/approaches, resources for students with disabilities, assessment.
  • Disability specialization (choose one RCI area): ASD/Hearing/Intellectual/Multiple/Specific learning/Visual impairment.
    • Identification & assessment: Concepts/definitions/causes/types; associated conditions; characteristics; screening tools/procedures; assessment tools, data interpretation; differential diagnosis/certification.
    • Curriculum & adaptation: Principles/approaches; transactions; adaptation (UDL, DI; tech roles); academic skills (reading/writing/computation); communication/language/social/recreational/self-care/independent living/life skills resources.
    • Intervention & teaching: Early intervention; disability-specific strategies/techniques; tech/peer-mediated/cooperative; inclusive classroom management; assistive tech; home-based training.
    • Psychosocial/family: Family roles; needs; empowerment; social attitudes; support/advocacy/legal rights; mental health; counselling/guidance.

PRT special educator

  • Section A (compulsory): Understanding disability (history, categories, prevention; cross-disability); definitions/causes/prevention; educational implications/management; early identification/intervention; models; screening/assessment; parents/community roles; HR in disability sector; conventions/policies; national institutes. Growth & development (principles/factors; domains; milestones; prenatal–childhood); psychology & learning; psychological processes (attention, perception, memory, intelligence, motivation); classroom management for inclusive setup. Education in emerging Indian society (nature/aims; formal/non-formal/open/distance/online/blended; mainstream/inclusive/special/home-based; roles of agencies; philosophies—Gandhi/Tagore/Vivekananda/Dewey/Locke/Piaget/Rousseau/Montessori; constitutional provisions—DPs, FR/Duties; RTE 2009; RPwD 2016; commissions; NEP 1986/PoA 1992; NEP 2020). Inclusive education (diversity as strength; principles/framework; policies; early ID/intervention; foundational literacy; teacher prep; curricular strategies—adaptation/accommodations/modifications; UDL/DI; collaborations).
  • Section B (optional—select one disability area IDD/HI/VI/MD): Characteristics (definitions/causes/types; anatomical/physiological/psychological limits; educational/psychosocial implications; screening/assessment; learning needs; rehabilitation). Education & curriculum (assessing needs; curriculum design; assistive tech/ICT; transactions; adaptations; addressing comorbidities). Interventions (IEPs; disability-specific limits management; resource room; therapies; recreation; family/community roles; inclusion issues). Teaching subjects (foundational literacy/communication/social/recreation/self-care/independent living; reading/writing/computation; language; EVS; mathematics; co-scholastic/recreation/sports; methods, teaching, assessment).

If you want this converted into:

  • a weekly study plan (12–16 weeks) with daily slots,
  • bilingual Canva tiles per topic (English/Telugu),
  • objective question banks with answer keys (Tier II pattern),
  • or quick-reference law cards (rules/acts),

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